Rolziracetam
2,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1H-pyrrolizine-3,5-dione (CAS 18356-28-0)
Rolziracetam is a pyrrolizine-based racetam developed as a memory and anti-amnesia agent, tested in animal cognition and some impaired human subjects but never brought to market.
Also known as:
Formula
C₇H₉N₂O₂
Category
Racetam / Pyrrolizine
Molar Mass
153.16 g/mol
Legal Status
AU S4, research elsewhere
Chemical Profile
Mechanism of Action
Likely acts via racetam-type CNS pathways—facilitating neuronal plasticity and synaptic signaling. Detailed mechanism for this pyrrolizine compound not published.
Preclinical & Early Clinical Evidence
Memory Enhancement in Animal and Human Models
Improved delayed-response task performance in aged rhesus monkeys; evaluated for amnesia-reversal in animal and cognitively impaired human subjects (see 1987 J. Med. Chem.).
Safety & Side Effects
Wide safety margin in animal studies; no reports of major toxicity at research doses. No formal human safety data available.
Regulatory & Legal Status
Australia / US / International
- AU: S4 (Rx only)
- Unscheduled, not FDA/EMA approved elsewhere
- Lab supply or research chemical globally
Note: No legal status as drug or supplement except S4 in AU.
History
Developed as CI 911 by Warner-Lambert in the 1980s. Published as pyrrolizine dilactam; showed animal memory efficacy but was not commercialized.
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Benefits
- Unique pyrrolizine-dilactam racetam
- Animal/human data for amnesia reversal
- Research safety margin established
Considerations
- Never FDA/EMA approved; AU Rx only
- Best evidence: animals, impaired humans
- Not for human or clinical use
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Scientific References
- Butler, D.E., et al. "Amnesia-reversal activity of a series of cyclic imides." J Med Chem, vol. 30, no. 3, 1987, pp. 498–503. https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00386a010.
- Leonard, N.J., Hruda, L.R., Long, F.W. "The synthesis of pyrrolizidines." Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol. 69, no. 3, 1947, pp. 690–692. https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01195a067.
- US patent 4663464, Hoekstra, M.S. "Process for the preparation of dihydro-1H-pyrrolizine-3,5-(2H,6H)-dione", Warner-Lambert, 1987.
For research/education only. Not for clinical or supplement use. Last updated: 4/12/2025.